7.1.1-Algal Polysaccharide
7.1.1.1-Alginic acid binds to and blocks the rizospherial absorption of various TM such as K,Zn,Mn,Mg
7.1.1.2-Laminaran is an elicitor-active
7.1.1.3-Laminaran is stimulating plant defense against phytopathogens
7.1.1.4-Antiviral activity of Algiva sulfated polysaccharides
7.1.1.5-Algiva C4 elicitor-activator of function of plant immunity on viral and parasitic infections.
7.1.1.6-Elicitor-active oligosaccharide
7.1.1.7-Algal polysaccharide boron complexing formation
7.1.1.8-Pathogenesis-Related (PR) proteins with antifungal and antibacterial activities
7.1.1.9-Sensing “non-self” molecules derived from Macroalgae cell wall components.
7.1.1.10- Algal polysaccharide defense responses leading to protection against pathogens
7.1.1.11-Algal polysaccharides also induce protection against viral, fungal and bacterial infections in plants
7.1.1.12-Activation of salicylic , jasmonic acid and polyphenol signaling pathways at systemic level.
7.1.1.13-Synthesis of terpenes, terpenoids or alkaloids having antimicrobial activities
7.1.1.14-Alginic acid combines with metals in the rizosphere to complexing a metallopolymer.This
polymer retains significiant amounts of moisture ,enhancing the soil’s structure and also aiding with
moisture retention during dry periods.Plant roots have better access to both nutrients and air within
the soil resulting in healthier,stronger growth.”
7.1.1.14-Alginic acid initially reduces the amount of availabile nitrogen.This can slow plant growth and seed
germination.
7.1.1.15-Alginic acids have promotive effects on seed germination and elicitor properties inducing PAL and
peroxidase activity in crops.”
7.1.1.16-Alginate can be chemically modification to obtain polymers with new physicochemical properties of new
plant nutrient materials.For example microencapsulation of many plant nutrient having slowly release activity.
7.1.1.17-Fucoidan hepls to reduce the risk of plant disaeses.”
7.1.1.18- Fucoidan is delayed the development of the Plant Viruses.The effect of fucoidan on the formation of
specific granular and tubular inclusions induce by viruses and consist presumably of the virus-coded
protein components of the viral replicase
7.1.1.19-Fucoidan have biostimulatory effect on plants.”
7.1.1.20-Fucoidan is stimulate to germinating of seed root and rootling growth.
7.1.1.21-Laminaran sulfate inhibit endothelial cell proliferation and elicit several plant defense mechanisms
7.1.1.22-Sulfated Laminaran have potent inhibitory effects on Plant virus infection
7.1.1.23-Laminaran against the Tobacco mosaic virus by induction of the plant defense and signalling pathways
7.1.1.24-Laminaran is a nitrite-nitrate regulator and replacer to nitrogen during growth.
7.1.1.25-Laminarans are Lower molecular mass glucans ,Laminarans can modulate the soil immun systems by
binding to specific microorganism receptors
7.1.1.26-Laminaran is a water-soluble algal polysaccharide that consists of B-(1-3)-glucans with B-(1-6) linkages of
25 units.It is found in the plastids of each algal cell.İts content is influenced by the species and enviromental
conditions.

7.1.2-Algal Polysaccharide
7.1.2.1-Mannitol is a important role in plant responses to pathogen attack and biotic ,abiotic stresses
7.1.2.2-Mannitol benefit is increased tolerance to salt and osmotic stress as a result of mannitol’s function as a
compatible solute.
7.1.2.3-Mannitol advantage is a possible role in plant responses to pathogen attack — thus mannitol metabolism
may play roles in plant responses to both biotic and abiotic stresses.
7.1.2.4-Mannitol can pass through the interstices of the cell wall to induce water stress.
7.1.2.5-Mannitol can change microbial community of soil, hence could be plenty of extra effects
7.1.2.6-Mannitol is essential in pathogenesis to balance cell reinforcements produced by plants
7.1.2.7- Polyol plays a key role in host–pathogen interactions and must be co-localized with pathogen-secreted
mannitol to resist the infection.
7.1.2.8-Mannitol as a store of reducing power as a compatible osmolyte and in osmoregulation
7.1.2.9-Plants polyols are osmolytes and solutes that provide resistance against various abiotic stresses
7.1.2.10-Mannitol protects enzymes against hydroxyl radicals, which are abundant during the oxidative stress
process associated with water stress 
7.1.2.11-Under osmotic stress mannitol accumulation is attributable to a reduction in the catabolism of mannitol
in green tissues
7.1.2.12-Mannitol works as an antioxidant osmoprotectants against oxidative stress coming about because of
salt/dry spell push and even sun oriented irradiance
7.1.2.13-Polyols,glycerol and erythritol are the major polyols included in osmoregulation.
7.1.2.14-Mannitol was the most abundant polyol distinguished at low osmotic weight, while arabinitol levels
amassed at higher osmotic weight, with glycerol having a transitory accumulation
7.1.2.15-Mannitol may accumulate in cells cultivated under submerged conditions
7.1.2.16-Mannitol and likely other sugar alcohols may be utilized to protect against plant disease
7.1.2.17-Mannitol for osmoprotection, efficient growth and resistance to pathogens

7.1.3-Algal Polysaccharide
7.1.3.1-Stimulate plant growth
7.1.3.2-Wide range of potential biological activity
7.1.3.3-Seaweeds have been shown as a rich source of different types of polyphenols