Milicard

ACT

L-Glutamine™

Glutamine is an Amino Acid. The chemical classification of glutamine is Amino Acids.
L-glutamine is an optically active form of glutamine having L-configuration.

(2S)-2,5-diamino-5-oxopentanoic acid

1.2.1 -Milicard number : 868182336-02431

1.2.2 -EA Codex number : 8681823362968

1.2.3 -Cas number : 56-85-9

1.2.4 -EC number : 200-292-1

1.2.5 -Permit License number : 

1.2.6 -Patent and License number : 

1.4.1-CHEMICAL FORMULA: C5H10N2O3
1.4.2-TYPE/STATE/FORM : Powder/Crystal
1.4.3-COLOUR : White to Beige,Opaque in Dh2o
1.4.4-ODOUR : Characteristic amines
1.4.5-TASTE : Not available.
1.4.6-PARTICLE SIZE: 180 mesh
1.4.7-DENSITY : 1.364 g/cu cm
1.4.8-MELTING POINT : 185.5°C
1.4.9-BOILING POINT : 445,6 °C
1.4.10-FLASH POINT : 185°C
1.4.11-VAPOUR PRESSURE : 1.9X10-8 mm Hg at 25 °C (est)
1.4.12-VISCOSITY : Viscous
1.4.13-REFRACTIVE IDEX: 1.564
1.4.14-IGNITION TEMP: Not available.
1.4.15-DISSOCIATION CONSTANTS : pK1 = 2.17, pK2 = 9.13
1.4.16-SOLUBILITY: 41,300 mg/L at 25 °C, H2O
1.4.17-pH VALUE : pH = 5-6 at 14.6 g/L at 25 °C
1.4.18-ACIDITY pKa : 2,17
1.4.19-Log P : .-3,64 Logkow -3,15
1.4.20-CHIRAL ROTATION : .+6.5º (H2O, c = 2)
1.4.21-MOLAR MASS : 146.14 g/mol
1.4.22-PURIFY : 99%
1.4.22.1-CARRIER : None
1.4.23-METALS : Chloride <%0,02,Sulphate <%0.01 Heavy Metals <%0.0001 Arsenic <%0.00001
Calcium <%0.001 Cobalt< %0.000001 Fe <%0.0005 K <%0.0003 Mg <%0.0002
Amonium N<%0.01 Na <%0.01
1.4.24-LD 50 ORAL RAT > 16.000 mg/kg
1.4.25-GHS: Not Classified.
1.4.26-WGK: Not available.
1.4.27-OTHER DETAILS:
 
Product Name: L-GLUTAMINE™
Producer Name: Fermo Crysta™ Fermantasyon Kristalleri
   Saray Osmangazi Mahallesi Sarsılmaz Cad.No: 2/15 Pursaklar/ANKARA 0312 5143724
MILICARD NO: 868182336-02431
CODEX NUMBER: 8681823362968
CAS NUMBER: 56-85-9

Acil durum telefon numarası Ulusal Zehir Danışma Merkezi (UZEM):

114 CHEMTREC Turkey (Istanbul): +(90)-212-7055340

Toxicological Data on Ingredients: L-Glutamine LD50: > 16.000 mg/kg. LC50: Not available.
Potential Acute Health Effects: Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact, of eye contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation.
Potential Chronic Health Effects: CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Not . MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Mutagenic for mammalian somatic CELLS
TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Not DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Not. Prolonged exposure is not known to aggravate medical condition.
GHS.Warning,Eye,Irritation,Category 2,H319,P305,P351,P338
Bu madde, Avrupa Birliği yönetmeliklerine göre tehlikeli olarak sınıflandırılmamıştır.
(EC) No 1272/2008 Yönetmeliğine göre tehlikeli madde ya da karışım değildir
1907/2006 No’lu AB Düzenlemesine göre tehlikeli içerikler yoktur
1907/2006 No’lu Yönetmeliğe (AB) (Zararlı Maddeler ve Karışımlara İlişkin Güvenlik Bilgi Formları Hakkında Yönetmelik
(R.G. 13.12.2014-29204)) göre hazırlanmıştır.

EyeContact: Check for and remove any contact lenses. In case of contact,immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least
15 minutes Cold water may be used. Get medical attention if irritation occurs.
Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. Get medical attention if irritation develops.
Cold water may be used.
Serious Skin Contact: Not available.
Inhalation: If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.
Serious Inhalation: Not available.
Ingestion: DoNOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an
unconscious person. If large quantities of this material are swallowed, call a physician immediately. Loosen tight clothing
such as a collar, tie,belt or waistband.
Serious Ingestion: Not available.
Teneffüs ettikten sonra: temiz hava.
Deriyle teması halinde: Hemen tüm bulaşmış giyisileri çıkarınız. Deriyi suyla yıkayınız.
Göz temasından sonra: bol su ile yıkayın. Kontakt lensleri çıkarınız.
Yuttuktan sonra hemen 2 bardak su içirin. Kötü hissediliyorsa doktora başvurun.
Akut ve sonradan görülen önemli belirtiler ve etkiler Herhangi bir toksik semptom tanımımız yoktur.
Tıbbi müdahale ve özel tedavi gereği için ilk işaretler Bilgi bulunmamaktadır.

Yangın söndürücüler
Uygun yangın söndürücüler
Su, Köpük, Karbon dioksit (CO2), Kuru toz
Uygun olmayan söndürme aracı
Bu madde/karışım için söndürme maddelerine yönelik bir sınırlama yoktur.
Madde veya karışımdan kaynaklanan özel zararlar
Yangın durumunda tehlikeli yanıcı gazlar veya buharlar gelişebilir.
Yangın şu maddelerin açığa çıkmasına neden olabilir:AZOT OKSİT
Yangın söndürme ekibi için özel koruyucu ekipmanlar
Tehlikeli bölgede solunum aparatı olmaksızın durmayınız. Cilt ile temasını engellemek için güvenli uzaklıkta durun ve uygun
koruyucu kıyafet giyin.
Gaz/buhar/tozu, su fışkırtarak hapsediniz (kontrol altına alınız). Yangın söndürme sularının yeryüzü veya yeraltı sularına
karışmasını önleyiniz.
Flammability of the Product: May be combustible at high temperature.
Auto-Ignition Temperature: Not available.
Flash Points: 185°C
Flammable Limits: Not available.
Products of Combustion: These products are carbon oxides (CO, CO2), nitrogen oxides (NO, NO2…).
Fire Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Slightly flammable to flammable in presence of heat. Non-flammable in
presence of shocks.
Explosion Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Risks of explosion of the product in presence of mechanical impact: Not
Risks of explosion of the product in presence of static discharge: Not available.
Fire Fighting Media and Instructions: SMALL FIRE: Use DRY chemical powder. LARGE FIRE: Use water spray, fog or foam.
Do Not Use water jet.
Special Remarks on Fire Hazards: Not available.
Special Remarks on Explosion Hazards: Not available.

Acil durum personeli olmayan personeli uyarın Tozları teneffüs ettikten sonra. Tehlike bölgesini boşaltın
acil durum prosedürlerini uygulayın, bir uzmana danışın.
Kanalizasyona karışmamasına dikkat ediniz.
Drenaj kanallarını kapatın. Dökülmeleri toplayın, sarın ve pompalayarak uzaklaştırın. Olası malzeme kısıtlamalarına uyun
Kuru alın. Atılması için gönderin. Etkilenmiş bölgeyi temizleyin. Tozların çoğalmasını engelleyin.
Small Spill: Use appropriate tools to put the spilled solid in a convenient waste disposal container.Finish cleaning by
spreading water on the contaminated surface and dispose of according to local and regional authority requirements.
Large Spill: Use a shovel to put the material into a convenient waste disposal container. Finish cleaning by spreading water
on the contaminated surface and allow to evacuate through the sanitary system.

1907/2006 No’lu Yönetmeliğe (AB) (Zararlı Maddeler ve Karışımlara İlişkin Güvenlik Bilgi Formları Hakkında Yönetmelik
(R.G. 13.12.2014-29204)) göre Hazırlama Tarihi: 12.04.2019 Yeni Düzenleme Tarihi :19.09.2020
Precautions: Keep locked up.. Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Empty containers pose a fire risk,
evaporate the residue under a fume hood. Ground all equipment containing material. Do not breathe dust. Wear suitable
protective clothing.
If you feel unwell, seek medical attention ,show thelabel when possible.Keepaway from incompatibles such as oxidizing agents.
Storage: Light sensitive. Store in light resistant containers. Keep container tightly closed. Keep container in a cool,
well-ventilated area.
Do not store above 24°C (75.2°F).
Genel Önlemlere Uyunuz.
Hijyen önlemleri
Kirlenen giysiyi değiştirin. Madde ile çalıştıktan sonra ellerinizi yıkayın.
Uyuşmazlıkları da içeren güvenli depolama için koşullar
Saklama koşulları
Sıkıca kapatılmış. Kuru.
Önerilen saklama sıcaklığı, ürün etiketine bakın
Belirli son kullanımlar
Bölüm 1.2’de belirtilen kullanımlar dışında, başka bir belirli kullanım öngörülmemiştir

Engineering Controls: Use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation,other engineering controls to keep airborne levels
below recommended exposure limits.
If user operations generate dust, fume,mist, use ventilation to keep exposure to airborne contaminants below the exposure
limit.
Personal Protection: Safety glasses. Lab coat. Dust respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent.
Gloves.
PersonalProtection in Case of a LargeSpill:Splash goggles.Full suit.Dust respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained breathing
apparatus should be used to avoid inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a
specialist BEFORE handling this product.
Exposure Limits: Not available.
Kontrol parametreleri
Maruz kalma limiti bulunan hiçbir madde içermez
Uygun Mühendislik Kontrolleri
Teknik önlemlere ve uygun iş operasyonlarına, kişisel koruyucu ekipman k ullanımı karşısında öncelik verilmelidir.
Bireysel Koruyucu Önlemler
Koruyucu giysi, kullanılan tehlikeli madde konsantrasyonu ve miktarına bağlı olarak , işyerine özgüsel olarak seçilmelidir.
Kimyasallardan korunmak için, koruyucu giysilerde bulunan resistanslar her bir tedarikçi tarafından saptanmalıdır.
Göz/yüz koruması :Güvenlik Gözlükleri
Ellerin korunması
Tam Temas
Eldiven malzemesi: Nitril kauçuk
Eldiven kalınlığı: 0,11 mm
delinme süresi: > 480 dakika
1907/2006 No’lu Yönetmeliğe (AB) (Zararlı Maddeler ve Karışımlara İlişkin Güvenlik Bilgi Formları Hakkında Yönetmelik
(R.G. 13.12.2014-29204)) göre
sıçrama ile temas:
Eldiven malzemesi: Nitril kauçuk
Solunum sisteminin korunması
Tavsiye edilen Filtre tipi: Asal maddelerin katı tanecikleri için P 1 Filtresi (DIN 3181’e uygun)
Girişimci, solunum koruma cihazlarının, cihaz üreticisinin talimatlarınca bakım yapıldığı,temizlendiği ve test edildiğini temin
etmelidir.

Physical state and appearance: Solid. (Crystalline powder)
Chemical Formula : C5H10N2O3 
Odor: Not available 
Taste: Not available 
Molecular Weight: 146,15 g/mol 
Cas Number : 56-85-9 
EC Number : 200-292-1 
Melting Point: 185.5°C  
Color: White. 
Dispersion Properties: Not available. 
Solubility: Soluble in cold water, hot water. Insoluble in diethyl ether. Sparingly soluble in alcohol
Temel fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikler hakkında bilgi 
Görünüm : Katı
Renk: Beyaz
Koku: Kokusuz
Kütle yoğunluğu yaklaşık: 1.364 g/cu cm Yüzey gerilimi yaklaşık
pH yaklaşık:5-6 Ayrışma sabiti : pK1 = 2.17, pK2 = 9.13
Erime noktası: 185.5°C  Patlama Sınırı :Uygun veri yoktur
Başlangıç Kaynama Noktası ve AralIğı:  445,6 °C Buhar Basıncı: 1.9X10-8 mm Hg at 25 °C
Parlama noktası: 185°C Buharlaşma oranı : Uygun veri yoktur.
Su içinde çözünürlüğü : 41,300 mg/L Parçacık büyüklüğü : 180 mesh
Dağılım katsayısı ( noktanol/su) log Pow: -3,15 nin 20 °C – Biyoakümülasyon beklenemez
Bağıl yoğunluk: 1,469 nin 20 °C 
Buhar yoğunluğu:  Uygun veri yoktur.
Oksitleyici özellikler : Uygun veri yoktur.
Bozunma sıcaklığı : Uygun veri yoktur.
Patlayıcılık özellikleri: Uygun veri yoktur.

 

Stability: The product is stable.
Instability Temperature: Not available.
Conditions of Instability: Excess heat, light
Incompatibility with various substances: Reactive with oxidizing agents.
Corrosivity: Non-corrosive in presence of glass.
Special Remarks on Reactivity: Light sensitive.
Special Remarks on Corrosivity: Not available.
Polymerization: Will not occur.
Tepkime
Aşağıdakiler genelde yanıcı organik maddelere ve preparatlar için geçerl idir:uygun ince bir dağılımda, ve havaya kaldırıldığında
bir toz patlam ası riski genelde beklenebilir.
Kimyasal kararlılık
Ürün, standart ortam koşulları (oda sıcaklığı) altında kimyasal olarak stabildir.
Zararlı tepkime olasılığı
Kuvvetli oksitleyici maddeler
Kaçınılması gereken durumlar
Zararlı bozunma ürünleri
yangın durumunda: Bölüm 4.1.4’e bakınız

Routes of Entry: Inhalation. Ingestion.
Toxicity to Animals: LD50: > 16.000 mg/kg. LC50: Not available.
Chronic Effects on Humans: MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Mutagenic for mammalian somatic cells.
Other Toxic Effects on Humans: Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation.
Special Remarks on Toxicity to Animals: Not available.
Special Remarks on Chronic Effects on Humans: May affect genetic material. Some Laboratory experiments have resulted in
mutagenic effects.
Although some dietary studies in animals have demonstrated that arginine deficiency can impair reproductive organ
development as well as having adverse effects on gestation and lactation,we did not locate any literature on possible adverse
reproductive effects of supplemental arginine during human pregnancy.
Special Remarks on other Toxic Effects on Humans: Acute Potential Health Effects: Skin: May cause skin irritation.
Eyes: May cause eye irritation.
Inhalation: May cause respiratory tract irritation. Ingestion: May cause gastrointestinal tract irritation with nausea, vomiting,
and diarrhea.
The toxicological properties of this substance have not been fully investigated.
Akut oral toksisite
LD50 Oral Sıçan,Erkek,Dişi: > 16.000 mg/kg
Cilt aşınması tahrişi
Tavşan Sonuç: negatif ,Deri aşınması gözlenmemiştir.4h
Göz tahrişi
Tavşan
Eşey hücre mutajenitesi,Uygun veri bulunmamaktadır
İn vitro genotoksisite,uygun veri bulunmamaktadır
Mutajenite (memeli hücre testi): kromozom bozulması
İnsan Lenfositleri Sonuç Negatif
Ames testi
Escherichia coli/Salmonella typhimurium ,Sonuç Negatif
Belirli Hedef Organ Toksisitesi – Tek maruz kalma,Uygun veri bulunmamaktadır.
Belirli Hedef Organ Toksisitesi – Tekrarlı,Sürekli maruz kalma,Uygun veri bulunmamaktadır.
Aspirasyon toksisitesi,Uygun veri yoktur
Kanserojenite :Bilgi Yok
Üreme sistemi toksisitesi :Bilgi Yok
Teratojenisite (gelişimsel sakatlıklara neden olabilirlik) :Bilgi Yok
IARC: % 0.1 ya da daha büyük oranda bulunan bu ürünün hiçbir içeriği IARC tarafından muhtemel, olası veya onaylanmış
kanserojen olarak tanımlanmamıştır.

Ecotoxicity: Not available.
BOD5 and COD: Not available.
ProductsofBiodegradation:Possibly hazardous shortterm degradation products are not likely.
However,longterm degradation products may arise.
Toxicity of the Products of Biodegradation: The product itself and its products of degradation are not toxic.
Special Remarks on the Products of Biodegradation: Not available.
Balıklar üzerinde toksisite
semi-statik test LC50 Danio rerio (zebra balığı): 2.800 mg/l; 96 sa
Toksisite Bilgileri
Daphnia ve Suda Yaşayan Omurgasızlar :semi-statik test EC50 – Daphnia magna (Supiresi) – > 100 mg/l – 48h(OECD Test202)
Su Yosunları,Algler :Büyümenin engellenmesi (inhibisyonu) ErC50 – Desmodesmus subspicatus (yeşil yosun) – > 100 mg/l – 72 h
Kalıcılık ve bozunabilirlik Sonuç: 77 % – Kolay bozunabilir.(OECD Test 301)
Biyobirikim Potansiyeli Uygun Veri Yoktur
Toprakta Hareketlilik Uygun Veri Yoktur
PBT ve vPvB değerlendirmesinin sonuçları
PBT/vPvB değerlendirmesi; kimyasal güvenlik değerlendirmesi gerekmediği/uygulanmadığı için bulunmamaktadır
Atık maddeler, 2008/98/AT Sayılı Yönerge ve diğer ulusal ve yerel yönetmelikler doğrultusunda (Atık Yönetimi Genel Esaslarına
ilişkin Yönetmelik, 02.04.2015, RG 29314) bertaraf edilmelidir.
L-Glutamine Doğada ve proteinde bulunan yarı-zaruri bir amino asittir.
Terapötik olarak kullanılan madde

Waste Disposal: Waste must be disposed of in accordance with federal, state and local environmental control regulations.
Identification: Not applicable.
Kalıcılık ve bozunabilirlik
Biyolojik bozunma
60 %; 28 g; oksijenli (aerobik)
Kendiliğinden doğada kolaylıkla çözünür.
Biyobirikim potansiyeli
Dağılım katsayısı ( n-oktanol/su)
log Pow :-4,20
Kimyasal güvenlik değerlendirmesi gerekmediği/yapılmadığı için, PBT/vPvB değerlendirmesi yapılmamıştır.

Kara taşımacılığı (ADR/RID)
Taşımacılık kurallarına göre tehlikeli maddeler sınıfına girmez.
Hava taşımacılığı (IATA)
Taşımacılık kurallarına göre tehlikeli maddeler sınıfına girmez.
Deniz taşımacılığı (IMDG)
Taşımacılık kurallarına göre tehlikeli maddeler sınıfına girmez.

Bu ürün için 1907/2006 numaralı EU REACH Mevzuatı’na uygun olarak bir kimyasal güvenlik değerlendirmesi
Depolama sınıfı 10 – 13
EINECS: This product is on the European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances.
DSCL (EEC): R40- Possible risks of irreversible effects. S2- Keep out of the reach of children.
S36/37- Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves.
Health Hazard: 1
Fire Hazard: 1
Reactivity: 0
Personal Protection: E
National Fire Protection Association (U.S.A.):
Health: 1
Flammability: 1
Reactivity: 0
Specific hazard:
Protective Equipment: Gloves. Lab coat. Dust respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent.

4.2-1 TOXICOLOGY STUDY
A 13 week study on oral toxicity is available . For the oral route a NOAEL of 1.25% diet (833 mg/kg/d) was estimated in a
sub-chronic toxicity study. A supporting acute oral toxicity study supports the low systemic toxicity. A study on a higher tier
exists, thus a study on a lower tier is not required.
The acute inhalation study and the acute dermal study were waived based on the physicochemical and toxikokinetic properties.

4.2-2 ECHA.EU Europe
4.2.2-Toxicity

4.2.2.1-Oral absorption
Groups of ten rats (five males and five females) were administered 0 and 16g/kg bw L glutamine and observed during
two weeks for mortality.An acute oral toxicity study was performed with groups of 5 male and 5 female rats. The
results indicate that the median lethal oral dose (LD 50) of L-glutamine is ca. 16g/kg bw.(OECD GSH Protocol)
4.2.2.2-Inhalation
4.2.2.3-Dermal
4.2.2.4-Irration,Corrosion
L-glutamine was tested on rabbits for skin irritation / skin corrosion properties. The primary irritation index was 0.0.
The substance was non-irritant to rabbit skin following a single four-hour application.
Systemic toxic effects did not occur after dermal application of the test substance
L-glutamine was tested on three rabbits for eye irritation. The primary irritation index was 0.3. The substance was classified
as non-irritant on the eye of the rabbit following a single application.
4.2.2.5-Sensitation
4.2.2.6-Repeated Dose Toxicity
A sub-chronic oral toxicity guideline study of L-glutamine with rats was conducted for 90 days. The feeding of L-glutamine
was not associated with overt signs of toxicity.Infrequent changes were witnessed in the urinalysis and blood chemistry
in the 2.5% and 5.0% (w/w) groups. All of those changes were determined toxicologically insignificant.No effects of the
administration were observed in the 1.25% (w/w) group. Therefore, the definitive toxic Ievel for L-glutamine was determined
to be above 5.0% (w/w), and the no-observed-adverse-effect Ievel (NOAEL) was estirnated at 1.25% (w/w) for both genders
(males 0.83 ± 0.01 g/kg/day;females, 0.96 ± 0.06 g/kg/day).
4.2.2.7-Genetic Toxicity
L-Glutamine did not show mutagenic acticivity in a GLP guideline study according to a Japanes test guideline.
Testing was in absence and presence of the metabolic activation system S9 mix. The maximum dose was 5000 µg/plate.
4.2.2.8-Toxicity to Reproduction
4.2.2.9-Ecological Toxicity
4.2.2.10-Degradion and Accumalation
4.2.2.11-Toxic effects on Livestock and pets

6.2.1-Potato Application /Fertigation,Crop Protection
6.2.1.1-Turbo Spray: Sprays 100-300 g /da
6.2.1.2-Drip Irrıgation: 1:1000 dilute
6.2.1.3-30 days after planting: 100 g/d
6.2.1.4-45 days after planting: 250 g/d
6.2.1.5-90 days after planting: 100 g/d
6.2.1.6-Aerial Uses: 200-400g/d
6.2.1.7-Roat Soak: 200-500 g/d
6.2.1.8-Seed Treatment: 3-5 g/kg of seed
6.2.1.9-Alternaria diseaes: 1 kg/ha
6.2.1.10-Dry rot diseaes: 220 g/d
6.2.1.11-Potato Virus: 300 g/d
6.2.1.12-Verticillium: 60 g/d
6.2.1.13-Skin Spot: 80 g /d
6.2.1.14-Powdery Scab: 110 g/d
6.2.1.15-Gangrene: 190 g/d
6.2.1.16-Viral and viroid diseaes: 180 g/d
6.2.1.17-Nematode parasitic: 380 g/d
6.2.1.18-Miscellaneous diseaes: 35 g/d
6.2.1.19-Bacterial soft rot: 80 g/d
6.2.1.20-Botrytis gray mold: 400 g/d
6.2.1.21-Charcoal rot: 200 g/d
6.2.1.22-Fusarium: 700 g/d
6.2.1.23-Pysyllid yellows: 210 g/d
6.2.1.24-Air pollution damage: 130 g/d
6.2.1.25-Fertilizer burn: 108 g/d
6.2.1.26-Freezing necros: 190 g/d
6.2.1.27-Hollow heart: 33 g/d
6.2.1.28-Lightning injury: 78 g /d
6.2.1.29-Second growth: 90 g/d
6.2.1.30-Greening: 300 g/d
6.2.1.31-Xylem ring discoloration: 260 g/d
6.2.1.32-Tipburn: 25 g/d
6.2.1.33-Sunscald: 106 g/d
6.2.1.34-Stem streak necrosis: 188 g/d
6.2.1.35-Sprout tubers: 102 g/d
6.2.1.36-Spinding sprout: 180 g/d
6.2.1.37-Internal brown spot: 200 g/d
6.2.1.38-Internal brown spot: 112 g/d
6.2.1.39-Heat and drought necrosis: 190 g/d
6.2.1.40-Feather and scald: 110 g/d
6.2.1.41-Enlarged lenticels: 40 g/d
6.2.1.42-Rootling: 290 g/d
6.2.1.43-Rootling: 130 g/d
6.2.1.44-Maturating: 70 g/d
6.2.1.45-Maturating: 100 g/d
6.2.1.46-Antifreezing and preventing cold stress: 400 g/d
6.2.1.47Antifreezing and preventing cold stress: 400 g/d
  
  
  
6.2.2-Apple Application /Fertigation,Crop Protection
6.2.2.1-Apple Scab-the fungus Venturia inaequalis: 230 g/d
6.2.2.2-Alternaria leaf and fruit blotch: 177 g/d
6.2.2.3-Bitter rot: 55 g/d
6.2.2.4-Powdery mildew: 102 g/d
6.2.2.5-White root rot-Rosellinia necatrix: 380 g/d
6.2.2.6-Sclerotium collar root -Sclerotium spp: 310 g/d
6.2.2.7-Black rot canker: 74 g/d
6.2.2.8-Collar rot: 192 g/d
6.2.2.9-Apple virus diseaes: 450 g/d
6.2.2.10-Brown rot: 214 g/d
6.2.2.11-Seedling blight: 190 g/d
6.2.2.12-Fire blight: 600 g/d
6.2.2.13-Poor Fruiting: 250-300 g/d
6.2.2.14-Root Decay: 80-120 g/d
6.2.2.15-Grey-coloured crusty growth: 200-400 g/d
6.2.2.16-Grey-coloured crusty growth: 200-400 g/d
6.2.2.17-Bird Damage on Flowers: 300 g/d
6.2.2.18-Waterlogging: 200-400 g/d
6.2.2.19-Waterlogging: 200-400 g/d
6.2.2.20-Calcium uptake: 120-300 g/d
6.2.2.21-Calcium uptake: 120-300 g/d
6.2.2.22-Poor growing conditions: 300 g/d
6.2.2.23-Poor growing conditions: 300 g/d
6.2.2.24-Unproductive trees: 10 g/tree
6.2.2.25-Pollinating Partner: 80 g/d
6.2.2.26-Mussel Scale: 340 g/d
6.2.2.27-Aphid Attack: 280-370 g/d
6.2.2.28-Caterpillars: 400 g/d
6.2.2.29-Capsid Bugs: 90 g/d
6.2.2.30-Summer pruning: 230 g/d
6.2.2.31-Blossom wilt: 200 g/d
6.2.2.32-Codling Moth: 380 g/d
6.2.2.33-Coral Spot: 160 g/d
6.2.2.34-Silver Leaf: 100 g/d
6.2.2.35-Flyspeck: 170 g/d
6.2.2.36-Low N requirement varieties: 100-200 g/d
6.2.2.37-Low N requirement varieties: 100-200 g/d
6.2.2.38-High N requirement varieties: 200 g/d
6.2.2.39-High N requirement varieties: 200 g/d
6.2.2.40-Vigor of Shoot Growth: 240-300 g/d
6.2.2.41-Fruit Size and firmness: 80-120 g/d
6.2.2.42-Terminal growth: 230 g/d
6.2.2.43-Leaf size growth: 300-400 g/d
6.2.2.44-Fruit setting: 30-110 g/d
6.2.2.45-Fruit setting and maturating: 30-110 g/d
6.2.2.46-Fruit maturity: 180-270 g/d
  
6.2.3.1-Growing Excessively Large Fruit: 110-205 g/d
6.2.3.2-Growing Excessively Large Fruit: 110-205 g/d
6.2.3.3-Encouraging Good pollination: 50-90 g/d
6.2.3.4-Encouraging Good pollination: 50-90 g/d
6.2.3.5-General Soil Application: 500-700 g/d
6.2.3.6-General Soil Application: 500-700 g/d
6.2.3.7-General Foliar Application: 100-400 g/d
6.2.3.8-General Foliar Application: 100-400 g/d
6.2.3.9-Pre-Bloom: 20-60 g/d
6.2.3.10-Pre-Bloom: 20-60 g/d
6.2.3.11-Post-Bloom: 30-50 g/d
6.2.3.12-Post-Bloom: 30-50 g/d
6.2.3.13-Plant Population 60-80 trees /d: 200-500 g/d
6.2.3.14-Plant Population 60-80 trees /d: 200-500 g/d
6.2.3.15-Plant Population 140-250 trees/d: 400-600 g/d
6.2.3.16-Plant Population 140-250 trees/d: 400-600 g/d
6.2.3.17-Spring to early summer: 100-300 g/d
6.2.3.18-Spring to early summer: 100-300 g/d
6.2.3.19-Post Harvest: 200-250 g/d
6.2.3.20-Post Harvest: 200-250 g/d
6.2.3.21-Antifreezing and preventing cold stress: 400 g/d
6.2.3.22-Antifreezing and preventing cold stress: 400 g/d
  
3.2.4-Grape Application/ Fertigation
6.2.4.1-Soil pH near 6.5: 200-400 g/d
6.2.4.2-Soil pH near 6.5: 200-400 g/d
6.2.4.3-Soil pH 5.0-6.0: 300-500 g/d
6.2.4.4-Soil pH 5.0-6.0: 300-500 g/d
6.2.4.5-New plantings: 100-180 g/d
6.2.4.6-New plantings: 100-180 g/d
6.2.4.7-Coarse textured ,Acid Soil: 300 g/d
6.2.4.8-Pre-Bloom,upper mature leaf/petiole: 90-110 g/d
6.2.4.9-Bloom and Fruiting ,leaf /petiole opposite cluster: 170-220 g/d
6.2.4.10-Fruit maturating: 200 g/d
6.2.4.11-Sandy Soil: 200-300 g/d
6.2.4.12-Sandy Soil: 200-300 g/d
6.2.4.13-Beginning 2 weeks before bloom: 30-60 g/d
6.2.4.14-Beginning 2 weeks before bloom: 30-60 g/d
6.2.4.15-Root damage: 250 g/d
6.2.4.16-Bud Burst stage: 40-70 g/d
6.2.4.17-Bud Burst stage: 40-70 g/d
6.2.4.18-Early Shoot stage: 70-110 g/d
6.2.4.19-Early Shoot stage: 70-110 g/d
6.2.4.20-Mid Shoot stage: 100 g/d
6.2.4.21-Mid Shoot stage: 100 g/d
  
6.2.5.1-Post Harvest: 90-200 g/d
6.2.5.2-Post Harvest: 90-200 g/d
6.2.5.3-Downy Mildew: 130-300 g/d
6.2.5.4-Anthracnose: 200 g/d
6.2.5.5-Grey Mold: 230-290 g/d
6.2.5.6-Viruses: 400 g/d
6.2.5.7-Greenaria bitter rot: 90-110 g/d
6.2.5.8-Bacterial leaf spot: 280 g/d
6.2.5.9-Alternaria blight: 200-300 g/d
6.2.5.10-Black Rot: 30-80 g/d
6.2.5.11-Black Rot: 30-80 g/d
6.2.5.12-Rhizopus rot: 200 g/d
6.2.5.13-Rhizopus rot: 200 g/d
6.2.5.14-Botrytis bunch rot: 230-290 g/d
6.2.5.15-Color,size,taste improving: 240-340 g/d
6.2.5.16-Color,size,taste improving: 240-340 g/d
6.2.5.17-Chemical damage: 300 g/d
6.2.5.18-Nutritional Imbalances: 100-600 g/d
6.2.5.19-Nutritional Imbalances: 100-600 g/d
6.2.5.20-Sanitation with biocide: 20 g/10 L H2O
6.2.5.21-Pruning: 30 g/100 L H2O
6.2.5.22-Boron deficiency: 30-70 g/d
6.2.5.23-Boron deficiency: 30-70 g/d
6.2.5.24-Calcium deficiency: 30-70 g/d
6.2.5.25-Calcium deficiency: 30-70 g/d
6.2.5.26-Copper deficiency: 30-70 g/d
6.2.5.27-Copper deficiency: 30-70 g/d
6.2.5.28-Iron deficiency: 30-70 g/d
6.2.5.29-Iron deficiency: 30-70 g/d
6.2.5.30-Magnesium deficiency: 30-70 g/d
6.2.5.31-Magnesium deficiency: 30-70 g/d
6.2.5.32-Manganase deficiency: 30-70 g/d
6.2.5.33-Manganase deficiency: 30-70 g/d
6.2.5.34-Zinc deficiency: 30-70 g/d
6.2.5.35-Zinc deficiency: 30-70 g/d
6.2.5.36-Antifreezing and preventing cold stress: 400 g/d
6.2.5.37-Antifreezing and preventing cold stress: 400 g/d
6.2.5.38-Flowering: 60-90 g/d
6.2.5.39-Fruit Set: 100-240 g/d
  
6.2.6-Corn Application /Crop Protection
6.2.6.1-Seed rots and seeding blights : 100-200 g/d
6.2.6.2-Stalk rots : 120 g/d
6.2.6.3-Ear rots: 130-180 g/d
6.2.6.4-Boil and Head smut: 200-300 g/d
6.2.6.5-Downy mildew: 80-130 g/d
6.2.6.6-Fusairum: 240 g/d
6.2.6.7-Virus: 400 g/d
6.2.6.8-Blanking: 100-120 g/d
6.2.6.9-Blanking: 100-120 g/d
6.2.6.10-Boron deficiency: 30-70 g/d
6.2.6.11-Boron deficiency: 30-70 g/d
6.2.6.12-Calcium deficiency: 30-70 g/d
6.2.6.13-Calcium deficiency: 30-70 g/d
6.2.6.14-Copper deficiency: 30-70 g/d
6.2.6.15-Copper deficiency: 30-70 g/d
6.2.6.16-Iron deficiency: 30-70 g/d
6.2.6.17-Iron deficiency: 30-70 g/d
6.2.6.18-Magnesium deficiency: 30-70 g/d
6.2.6.19-Magnesium deficiency: 30-70 g/d
6.2.6.20-Manganase deficiency: 30-70 g/d
6.2.6.21-Manganase deficiency: 30-70 g/d
6.2.6.22-Zinc deficiency: 30-70 g/d
6.2.6.23-Zinc deficiency: 30-70 g/d
6.2.6.24-Uneven germination: 100-300 g/d
6.2.6.25-Uneven germination: 100-300 g/d
6.2.6.26-Aphid: 800 g/d
6.2.6.27-Cricket: 600 g/d
6.2.6.28-Cutworm: 300-500 g/d
6.2.6.29-Earwig: 200-500 g/d
6.2.6.30-Mite: 300-700 g/d
6.2.6.31-Heliothis: 200-270 g/d
6.2.6.32-Maize leafhopper: 100-300 g/d
6.2.6.33-Parasitoid wasps: 100-230 g/d
6.2.6.34-Flies: 200-300 g/d
6.2.6.35-Fungal Systemic diseaes: 200-450 g/d
6.2.6.36-Smutting diseaes: 80-190 g/d
6.2.6.37-Herbicide injury symptoms: 160-210 g/d
6.2.6.38-Trigger symptoms: 300 g/d
6.2.6.39-Trigger symptoms: 300 g/d
6.2.6.40-Nutrient defiency symptoms: 40-400 g/d
6.2.6.41-Nutrient defiency symptoms: 40-400 g/d
6.2.6.42-Leaf Diseaes: 300-400 g/d
6.2.6.43-Leaf Diseaes: 300-400 g/d
6.2.6.44-Unfavorable soil conditions: 200-600 g/d
6.2.6.45-Unfavorable soil conditions: 200-600 g/d
6.2.6.46-Poor Seed-soil contact: 130-180 g/d
6.2.6.47-Poor Seed-soil contact: 130-180 g/d
6.2.6.48-Fertilizer injury: 220-260 g/d
6.2.6.49-Fertilizer injury: 220-260 g/d
  
6.2.7.1-Seed planted to deep: 300 g/d
6.2.7.2-Seed planted to deep: 300 g/d
6.2.7.3-Bird and rodent damage: 450 g/d
6.2.7.4-Bird and rodent damage: 450 g/d
6.2.7.5-Insects attacking roots: 340-380 g/d
6.2.7.6-Insects attacking roots: 340-380 g/d
6.2.7.7-Nematodes: 500 g/d
6.2.7.8-Nematodes: 500 g/d
6.2.7.9-Non-uniform planting: 200-600 g/d
6.2.7.10-Non-uniform planting: 200-600 g/d
6.2.7.11-Failure of roots develop: 300-460 g/d
6.2.7.12-Failure of roots develop: 300-460 g/d
6.2.7.13-Wind damage: 50-80 g/d
6.2.7.14-Wind damage: 50-80 g/d
6.2.7.15-Freeze damage: 100-120 g/d
6.2.7.16-Freeze damage: 100-120 g/d
6.2.7.17-Antifreezing and preventing cold stress: 400 g/d
6.2.7.18-Antifreezing and preventing cold stress: 400 g/d
  
  
6.2.8-Tomato Application/Crop Protection
6.2.8.1-Failure to set fruit,poor fruit set: 120-340 g/d
6.2.8.2-Failure to set fruit,poor fruit set: 120-340 g/d
6.2.8.3-Cold soil stress: 40-70 g/d
6.2.8.4-Cold soil stress: 40-70 g/d
6.2.8.5-Root initiatives: 50-80 g/d
6.2.8.6-Root initiatives: 50-80 g/d
6.2.8.7-Early blight: 90-310 g/d
6.2.8.8-Septoria leaf spot: 60-100 g/d
6.2.8.9-Bacterial spot and speck: 200 g/d
6.2.8.10-Spider mites: 300 g/d
6.2.8.11-Fusarium & Verticillium: 200 g/d
6.2.8.12-Bacterial canker: 400 g/d
6.2.8.13-Late blight: 100 g/d
6.2.8.14-Hornworms: 130 g/d
6.2.8.15-Root-Knot nematodes: 180-240 g/d
6.2.8.16-Gray Leaf Spot: 400 g/d
6.2.8.17-Anthracnose: 200-240 g/d
6.2.8.18-Blossom end rot: 50 g/d
6.2.8.19-Buckeye rot: 60-90 g/d
6.2.8.20-Buckeye rot: 60-90 g/d
6.2.8.21-Botrytis Gray Mold: 230-310 g/d
6.2.8.22-Spotty Leaves: 290-370 g/d
6.2.8.23-Spotty Leaves: 290-370 g/d
6.2.8.24-Fixing Fruit: 300-600 g/d
6.2.8.25-Fixing Fruit: 300-600 g/d
  
6.2.9-Tomato Application/Crop Protection
6.2.9.1-Catfacing: 100-300 g/d
6.2.9.2-Catfacing: 100-300 g/d
6.2.9.3-Leaf Roll: 120-340 g/d
6.2.9.4-Leaf Roll: 120-340 g/d
6.2.9.5-Puffiness: 80-130 g/d
6.2.9.6-Puffiness: 80-130 g/d
6.2.9.7-Powdery Mildew: 200-400 g/d
6.2.9.8-Cutworms: 80-110 g/d
6.2.9.9-Flea beetles: 100-130 g/d
6.2.9.10-Tuta Absoluta: 200-700 g/d
6.2.9.11-Whiteflies: 100-190 g/d
6.2.9.12-Parasitic plants: 200-340 g/d
6.2.9.13-Apical Stunt: 300-500 g/d
6.2.9.14-Hail Damage: 200 g/d
6.2.9.15-Small holes in leaves of seedlings: 30-50 g/d
6.2.9.16-Small holes in leaves of seedlings: 30-50 g/d
6.2.9.17-Water-soaked spots on leaves: 40-80 g/d
6.2.9.18-Water-soaked spots on leaves: 40-80 g/d
6.2.9.19-Trails and tunnels in leaves: 40-80 g/d
6.2.9.20-Trails and tunnels in leaves: 40-80 g/d
6.2.9.21-Small to large holes in fruits: 100-190 g/d
6.2.9.22-Sunken water-soaked areas on fruit: 200 g/d
6.2.9.23-Worm tunnels into fruit: 190-230 g/d
6.2.9.24-Fruit is distorted: 40-90 g/d
6.2.9.25-Fruit is distorted: 40-90 g/d
6.2.9.26-Psyllids: 200 g/d
6.2.9.27-Roots discolored ,mushy: 400 g/d
6.2.9.28-Roots discolored ,mushy: 400 g/d
6.2.9.29-Ring spots on fruit: 200 g/d
6.2.9.30-Uniforming fruit: 200-400 g/d
6.2.9.31-Preplant,vegetative growth stage: 100-400 g/d
6.2.9.32-Preplant,vegetative growth stage: 100-400 g/d
6.2.9.33-Flowering&Fruit Set: 80-120 g/d
6.2.9.34-Flowering&Fruit Set: 80-120 g/d
6.2.9.35-Ripening&Maturity: 80-140 g/d
6.2.9.36-Ripening&Maturity: 80-140 g/d
6.2.9.37-Over-pruning: 120 g/d
6.2.9.38-Fruit cracks: 200-400 g/d
6.2.9.39-Poor fruit set: 400-450 g/d
  
6.2.10-Cabbage Application/Fertigation
6.2.10.1-Adjusting the spacing: 310-340 g/d
6.2.10.2-Adjusting the spacing: 310-340 g/d
6.2.10.3-Pre-drilling: 1000 g/d
6.2.10.4-Pre-drilling: 1000 g/d
6.2.10.5-Transplanting: 200-400 g/d
6.2.10.6-Transplanting: 200-400 g/d
6.2.10.7-4-6 leaf stage: 80-130 g/d
6.2.10.8-4-6 leaf stage: 80-130 g/d
6.2.11.1-Cutworms: 400 g/d
6.2.11.2-Cabbage worms: 400 g/d
6.2.11.3-Root maggots: 200-400 g/d
6.2.11.4-Flea Beetles: 100-400 g/d
6.2.11.5-Aphids: 100-200 g/d
6.2.11.6-Slugs and Snails: 200 g/d
6.2.11.7-Damping off seedlings: 100 g/d
6.2.11.8-Clubroot: 80-100 g/d
6.2.11.9-Caterpillars: 230 g/d
6.2.11.10-Downy mildew: 200-400 g/d
6.2.11.11-Sclerotinia rot: 300 g/d
6.2.11.12-Tipburn: 100-180 g/d
6.2.11.13-Seedlings fail to emerge from soil: 200-300 g/d
6.2.11.14-Young sprouts fail to grow: 400 g/d
6.2.11.15-Young plants flower: 300 g/ d
6.2.11.16-Small holes in leaves: 200-500 g/d
6.2.11.17-Leaves are pitted: 100-220 g/d
6.2.11.18-Root nematodes: 200-300 g/d
6.2.11.19-Bacterial Soft rot: 400 g/d
6.2.11.20-Blackleg: 200 g/d
6.2.11.21-White rust: 120-220 g/d
6.2.11.22-Yellow patches: 300-550 g/d
6.2.11.23-Turnip mosaic: 80-130 g/d
6.2.11.24-Cracking of heads: 200-290 g/d
6.2.11.25-Cracking of heads: 200-290 g/d
6.2.11.26-Poor heading: 120-180 g/d
6.2.11.27-Poor heading: 120-180 g/d
6.2.11.28-Discolored heads: 130-180 g/d
6.2.11.29-Discolored heads: 130-180 g/d
6.2.11.30-V-shaped lesions on leaf margin: 60-80 g/d
6.2.11.31-V-shaped lesions on leaf margin: 60-80 g/d
6.2.11.32-Heads soft and rotted: 90-140 g/d
6.2.11.33-Heads soft and rotted: 90-140 g/d
6.2.11.34-Bolting: 200-280 g/d
6.2.11.35-Bolting: 200-280 g/d
6.2.11.36-Curled leaves: 200-400 g/d
6.2.11.37-Rough leaves: 300-450 g/d
6.2.11.38-Rough leaves: 300-450 g/d
6.2.11.39-Poorly developed roots: 300 g/d
6.2.11.40-Poorly developed roots: 300 g/d
6.2.11.41-Wind damage: 50-80 g/d
6.2.11.42-Wind damage: 50-80 g/d
6.2.11.43-Freeze damage: 100-120 g/d
6.2.11.44-Freeze damage: 100-120 g/d
6.2.11.45-Antifreezing and preventing cold stress: 400 g/d
6.2.11.46-Antifreezing and preventing cold stress: 400 g/d
6.2.11.47-Breaking the cycle-stage: 230-290 g/d
6.2.11.48-Breaking the cycle-stage: 230-290 g/d
6.2.11.49-Vegetative stage: 120-150 g/d
6.2.11.50-Vegetative stage: 120-150 g/d
6.2.11.51-Head development: 100-130 g/d
6.2.11.52-Head development: 100-130 g/d
  
6.2.12-Watermelon Application /Crop Protection
6.2.12.1-Bacterial Fruit Blotch: 100-300 g/d
6.2.12.2-Gummy Stem Blight: 450 g/d
6.2.12.3-Anthracnose: 200-280 g/d
6.2.12.4-Alternaria: 300-400 g/d
6.2.12.5-Cercospora: 130-190 g/d
6.2.12.6-Myrothecium Leaf Spot: 300-500 g/d
6.2.12.7-Leaf Mosaic: 220-280 g/d
6.2.12.8-Tobacco ring spot: 130-160 g/d
6.2.12.9-Squash Leaf Curl Virus: 300-450 g/d
6.2.12.10-Fusarium: 90-170 g/d
6.2.12.11-Bud necrosis: 300-400 g/d
6.2.12.12-Phytopthora: 200-340 g/d
6.2.12.13-Root Knot nematodes: 300-500 g/d
6.2.12.14-Rotting seeds: 200g/d
6.2.12.15-Stunted growth: 400 g/d
6.2.12.16-Stunted growth: 400 g/d
6.2.12.17-Blossom end-rot: 200-300 g/d
6.2.12.18-Blossom end-rot: 200-300 g/d
6.2.12.19-Internal Cracking: 120-270 g/d
6.2.12.20-Internal Cracking: 120-270 g/d
6.2.12.21-Spongy end: 180-220 g/d
6.2.12.22-Spongy end: 180-220 g/d
6.2.12.23-Sunburn: 200-270 g/d
6.2.12.24-Sunburn: 200-270 g/d
6.2.12.25-Thrips: 300-500 g/d
6.2.12.26-Flea Beetles: 100-170 g/d
6.2.12.27-Beet armyworms: 500 g/d
6.2.12.28-Grasshoppers: 200-400 g/d
6.2.12.29-Melon Aphids: 500-600 g/d
6.2.12.30-Silverleaf Whiteflies: 200-250 g/d
6.2.12.31-Mole crickets: 180-230 g/d
6.2.12.32-White grubs: 300 g/d
6.2.12.33-Germination: 300-400 g/d
6.2.12.34-Germination: 300-400 g/d
6.2.12.35-Vining: 100-400 g/d
6.2.12.36-Vining: 100-400 g/d
6.2.12.37-Flowering: 40-120 g/d
6.2.12.38-Flowering: 40-120 g/d
6.2.12.39-Fruiting: 80-140 g/d
6.2.12.40-Fruiting: 80-140 g/d

6.3.1.1-Solubility :Excell Libra is soluble in H2O ,260 gr/L 24 C’ solution
260 gr/L 24 C’
320 gr/L 38 C’
400 gr/L 55 C’

6.3.1.2-Mixability :Excell Libra is soluble in H2O ,260 gr/L 24 C’ solution
260 gr/L 24 C’
320 gr/L 38 C’
400 gr/L 55 C’

6.3.1.1-Make product with Excell Libra™
Chealating Zn,Cu,Mn,Fe

7.1.1-Algal Polysaccharide
7.1.1.1-Alginic acid binds to and blocks the rizospherial absorption of various TM such as K,Zn,Mn,Mg
7.1.1.2-Laminaran is an elicitor-active
7.1.1.3-Laminaran is stimulating plant defense against phytopathogens
7.1.1.4-Antiviral activity of Algiva sulfated polysaccharides
7.1.1.5-Algiva C4 elicitor-activator of function of plant immunity on viral and parasitic infections.
7.1.1.6-Elicitor-active oligosaccharide
7.1.1.7-Algal polysaccharide boron complexing formation
7.1.1.8-Pathogenesis-Related (PR) proteins with antifungal and antibacterial activities
7.1.1.9-Sensing “non-self” molecules derived from Macroalgae cell wall components.
7.1.1.10- Algal polysaccharide defense responses leading to protection against pathogens
7.1.1.11-Algal polysaccharides also induce protection against viral, fungal and bacterial infections in plants
7.1.1.12-Activation of salicylic , jasmonic acid and polyphenol signaling pathways at systemic level.
7.1.1.13-Synthesis of terpenes, terpenoids or alkaloids having antimicrobial activities
7.1.1.14-Alginic acid combines with metals in the rizosphere to complexing a metallopolymer.This
polymer retains significiant amounts of moisture ,enhancing the soil’s structure and also aiding with
moisture retention during dry periods.Plant roots have better access to both nutrients and air within
the soil resulting in healthier,stronger growth.”
7.1.1.14-Alginic acid initially reduces the amount of availabile nitrogen.This can slow plant growth and seed
germination.
7.1.1.15-Alginic acids have promotive effects on seed germination and elicitor properties inducing PAL and
peroxidase activity in crops.”
7.1.1.16-Alginate can be chemically modification to obtain polymers with new physicochemical properties of new
plant nutrient materials.For example microencapsulation of many plant nutrient having slowly release activity.
7.1.1.17-Fucoidan hepls to reduce the risk of plant disaeses.”
7.1.1.18- Fucoidan is delayed the development of the Plant Viruses.The effect of fucoidan on the formation of
specific granular and tubular inclusions induce by viruses and consist presumably of the virus-coded
protein components of the viral replicase
7.1.1.19-Fucoidan have biostimulatory effect on plants.”
7.1.1.20-Fucoidan is stimulate to germinating of seed root and rootling growth.
7.1.1.21-Laminaran sulfate inhibit endothelial cell proliferation and elicit several plant defense mechanisms
7.1.1.22-Sulfated Laminaran have potent inhibitory effects on Plant virus infection
7.1.1.23-Laminaran against the Tobacco mosaic virus by induction of the plant defense and signalling pathways
7.1.1.24-Laminaran is a nitrite-nitrate regulator and replacer to nitrogen during growth.
7.1.1.25-Laminarans are Lower molecular mass glucans ,Laminarans can modulate the soil immun systems by
binding to specific microorganism receptors
7.1.1.26-Laminaran is a water-soluble algal polysaccharide that consists of B-(1-3)-glucans with B-(1-6) linkages of
25 units.It is found in the plastids of each algal cell.İts content is influenced by the species and enviromental
conditions.

7.1.2-Algal Polysaccharide
7.1.2.1-Mannitol is a important role in plant responses to pathogen attack and biotic ,abiotic stresses
7.1.2.2-Mannitol benefit is increased tolerance to salt and osmotic stress as a result of mannitol’s function as a
compatible solute.
7.1.2.3-Mannitol advantage is a possible role in plant responses to pathogen attack — thus mannitol metabolism
may play roles in plant responses to both biotic and abiotic stresses.
7.1.2.4-Mannitol can pass through the interstices of the cell wall to induce water stress.
7.1.2.5-Mannitol can change microbial community of soil, hence could be plenty of extra effects
7.1.2.6-Mannitol is essential in pathogenesis to balance cell reinforcements produced by plants
7.1.2.7- Polyol plays a key role in host–pathogen interactions and must be co-localized with pathogen-secreted
mannitol to resist the infection.
7.1.2.8-Mannitol as a store of reducing power as a compatible osmolyte and in osmoregulation
7.1.2.9-Plants polyols are osmolytes and solutes that provide resistance against various abiotic stresses
7.1.2.10-Mannitol protects enzymes against hydroxyl radicals, which are abundant during the oxidative stress
process associated with water stress 
7.1.2.11-Under osmotic stress mannitol accumulation is attributable to a reduction in the catabolism of mannitol
in green tissues
7.1.2.12-Mannitol works as an antioxidant osmoprotectants against oxidative stress coming about because of
salt/dry spell push and even sun oriented irradiance
7.1.2.13-Polyols,glycerol and erythritol are the major polyols included in osmoregulation.
7.1.2.14-Mannitol was the most abundant polyol distinguished at low osmotic weight, while arabinitol levels
amassed at higher osmotic weight, with glycerol having a transitory accumulation
7.1.2.15-Mannitol may accumulate in cells cultivated under submerged conditions
7.1.2.16-Mannitol and likely other sugar alcohols may be utilized to protect against plant disease
7.1.2.17-Mannitol for osmoprotection, efficient growth and resistance to pathogens

7.1.3-Algal Polysaccharide
7.1.3.1-Stimulate plant growth
7.1.3.2-Wide range of potential biological activity
7.1.3.3-Seaweeds have been shown as a rich source of different types of polyphenols